“冠词:the 还是不加冠词?”
🔒 登录后可标记已读- 当 school、hospital、prison 表示「功能」而非具体建筑物时,前面不加冠词——这是华人学习者最容易在这类词上多加 the 的地方。
- go to bed / at work / go home 这类日常生活用语固定不加 the,直接当成词组整体背下来。
- 地名规则也不统一:大多数国家、城市、山峰、大学不加 the,但海洋、山脉、河流、带 United 的国名、带 of 的大学要加 the。
- 同一个词加不加 the 意思会不同,比如「go to school」是上学、「go to the school」是去那间学校拜访,要分清楚说话人的身份角色。
重点内容
日常生活用语:bed / work / home 不加冠词
这三个词在固定搭配里不用加 the。
| 搭配 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| go to bed / be in bed | 去睡觉 / 在床上 |
| go to work / be at work / start work | 去上班 / 在上班 / 开始上班 |
| go home / be at home / get home | 回家 / 在家 / 到家 |
school / university / prison / hospital 不加冠词
当这些地方被用来表示其「功能」,不加冠词。
| 搭配 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| go to school / be at school | 上学 / 在上学 |
| go to university / be at university | 上大学 / 在念大学 |
| go to prison / be in prison | 坐牢 / 在服刑 |
| go to hospital / be in hospital | 住院 / 在住院 |
📌 例外:只是「去那个地方」,要加 the
- My son has started school now. I went to the school to meet his teacher.
(儿子是学生 → school;妈妈只是去拜访 → the school) - I'm at the hospital. My sister has just had a baby.
(妹妹是病人用 hospital;我是访客用 the hospital)
地名:大多数不加冠词
以下这些类别的地名不加 the:
- 洲:Africa, Asia, Europe
- 大多数国家:India, Malaysia, Denmark, Peru
- 城市:Kuala Lumpur, New York, Tokyo
- 湖泊:Lake Victoria, Lake Superior
- 山峰:Mount Everest, Mount Kinabalu
- 大学:Harvard University, Universiti Malaya
地名:这些要加 the
| 类别 | 例子 |
|---|---|
| 含 United 的国名 | the United Kingdom, the United States, the UAE |
| 特殊国名 | the Bahamas, the Gambia |
| 海洋、海 | the Atlantic, the Pacific, the South China Sea |
| 山脉 | the Himalayas, the Andes, the Alps |
| 河流 | the Nile, the Amazon, the Yangtze |
| 含 of 的大学 | the University of Malaya, the University of Tokyo |
例句练习
- I usually go to bed at 11 p.m. 我通常晚上 11 点睡觉。
- My dad is still at work. He'll be home at 7. 我爸还在上班,七点才回家。
- She's in hospital after the accident. 她出事故后住院了。
- I live in Malaysia, near the border with Thailand. 我住在马来西亚,靠近泰国边境。(Malaysia 不加 the,但 the border 是具体的边境线)
- Mount Kinabalu is in Sabah. It's part of the Crocker Range. 神山在沙巴,是克洛克山脉的一部分。
常见错误
❌ I go to the school every day. ✅ I go to school every day. (你是学生,在上学)
❌ She lives in the Malaysia. ✅ She lives in Malaysia. (国名不加 the)
❌ He is studying at the university. (想表达「在念大学」) ✅ He is studying at university. (功能性用法,不加 the)
❌ They climbed the Mount Everest. ✅ They climbed Mount Everest. (山峰名不加 the)
Sources
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