"商业与经济"（Business & Economy）
🔒 登录后可标记已读- 财经新闻的"公司并购""财政赤字""股东""营业额"这些说法，背后都是这批词——看不懂就只能跳过整段财经报道。
- 收录 Oxford 5000 C1 级别里跟企业运营、宏观经济有关的词，涵盖公司层面（shareholder、merger、turnover）和国家层面（deficit、surplus、taxpayer）两个角度。
- 每个词配一个常用搭配，学完能看懂基本的财经新闻标题，也能听懂商业播客里的核心词汇。
重点内容
| 英文 | 音标 | 中文 | 例句 | 常用搭配 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acquisition (n.) | /ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn/ | 收购 | The acquisition made headlines. | a company acquisition |
| audit (n.) | /ˈɔːdɪt/ | 审计 | The company underwent an audit. | conduct an audit |
| capitalism (n.) | /ˈkæpɪtəlɪzəm/ | 资本主义 | The country adopted capitalism after the reform. | free-market capitalism |
| capitalist (adj.) | /ˈkæpɪtəlɪst/ | 资本主义的 | It's a capitalist economy. | a capitalist system |
| commerce (n.) | /ˈkɒmɜːs/ | 商业；贸易 | The city is a centre of commerce. | international commerce |
| commodity (n.) | /kəˈmɒdəti/ | 商品；大宗商品 | Oil is a valuable commodity. | a valuable commodity |
| competence (n.) | /ˈkɒmpɪtəns/ | 能力；胜任力 | She showed great competence at work. | professional competence |
| competent (adj.) | /ˈkɒmpɪtənt/ | 能胜任的 | He's a competent manager. | a competent employee |
| contractor (n.) | /kənˈtræktə(r)/ | 承包商 | They hired a building contractor. | an independent contractor |
| deficit (n.) | /ˈdefɪsɪt/ | 赤字 | The government is trying to reduce the deficit. | a budget deficit |
| earnings (n.) | /ˈɜːnɪŋz/ | 收入；盈利 | The company reported higher earnings. | annual earnings |
| enterprise (n.) | /ˈentəpraɪz/ | 企业；创业精神 | She started her own enterprise. | a small enterprise |
| expenditure (n.) | /ɪkˈspendɪtʃə(r)/ | 支出 | Government expenditure rose last year. | public expenditure |
| franchise (n.) | /ˈfræntʃaɪz/ | 特许经营权 | He bought a fast-food franchise. | run a franchise |
| merger (n.) | /ˈmɜːdʒə(r)/ | 合并 | The merger created a huge company. | a company merger |
| monopoly (n.) | /məˈnɒpəli/ | 垄断 | The firm has a monopoly on the market. | a market monopoly |
| portfolio (n.) | /pɔːtˈfəʊliəʊ/ | 投资组合 | She manages a large investment portfolio. | an investment portfolio |
| productivity (n.) | /ˌprɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/ | 生产力；生产效率 | New tools improved productivity. | increase productivity |
| profitable (adj.) | /ˈprɒfɪtəbl/ | 盈利的 | The business became profitable within a year. | a profitable venture |
| prosperity (n.) | /prɒˈsperəti/ | 繁荣 | The region enjoyed years of prosperity. | economic prosperity |
| shareholder (n.) | /ˈʃeəhəʊldə(r)/ | 股东 | Shareholders voted on the merger. | a major shareholder |
| stake (n.) | /steɪk/ | 股份；利害关系 | He has a 20% stake in the company. | have a stake in |
| subsidy (n.) | /ˈsʌbsədi/ | 补贴 | Farmers receive government subsidies. | a government subsidy |
| surplus (n.) | /ˈsɜːpləs/ | 盈余 | The country reported a trade surplus. | a budget surplus |
| taxpayer (n.) | /ˈtækspeɪə(r)/ | 纳税人 | The project is funded by taxpayers. | taxpayer money |
| transaction (n.) | /trænˈzækʃn/ | 交易 | The bank processed the transaction. | a financial transaction |
| turnover (n.) | /ˈtɜːnəʊvə(r)/ | 营业额 | The company has an annual turnover of $2 million. | annual turnover |
| venture (n., v.) | /ˈventʃə(r)/ | 风险投资项目；冒险 | The new venture failed within a year. | a business venture |
📌 *deficit*（赤字，支出大于收入）和 *surplus*（盈余，收入大于支出）是一对反义词，财经新闻里常常放在一起对比，记的时候可以配对记。
Sources
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