"词汇篇28 · P"（Vocab P）
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- 涵盖"过度/放纵"类形容词（prodigal、profligate、promiscuity）和文学/叙事相关词（protagonist、prologue、prototype）。
- 学完继续扩充高阶词汇量。
重点内容
| 英文 | 音标 | 中文 | 例句 | 常用搭配 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| pretext (n.) | /ˈpriːtekst/ | 借口 | used a minor issue as a pretext for war | a pretext for |
| prevalent (adj.) | /ˈprevələnt/ | 普遍的；流行的 | a view prevalent among young voters | widely prevalent |
| prevaricate (v.) | /prɪˈværɪkeɪt/ | 支吾其词；搪塞 | stopped prevaricating and gave an answer | prevaricate on an issue |
| primacy (n.) | /ˈpraɪməsi/ | 首要地位 | asserted the primacy of the constitution | claim primacy |
| primeval (adj.) | /praɪˈmiːvl/ | 原始的；远古的 | a primeval forest untouched by humans | primeval instincts |
| pristine (adj.) | /ˈprɪstiːn/ | 原始的；未受破坏的 | a pristine stretch of coastline | pristine condition |
| privation (n.) | /praɪˈveɪʃn/ | 匮乏；贫困 | survived years of privation during the war | economic privation |
| probity (n.) | /ˈprəʊbəti/ | 正直；诚实 | known for his professional probity | moral probity |
| proclamation (n.) | /ˌprɒkləˈmeɪʃn/ | 公告；宣言 | issued a royal proclamation | a formal proclamation |
| proclivity (n.) | /prəˈklɪvəti/ | 倾向；癖好 | a proclivity for violence | a proclivity for |
| procrastinate (v.) | /prəˈkræstɪneɪt/ | 拖延 | tends to procrastinate on deadlines | procrastinate on a task |
| procure (v.) | /prəˈkjʊə(r)/ | 获得；采购 | procured the funding needed for the project | procure supplies |
| procurement (n.) | /prəˈkjʊəmənt/ | 采购 | responsible for government procurement | public procurement |
| prodigal (adj.) | /ˈprɒdɪgl/ | 挥霍的 | the prodigal son returned home | a prodigal spender |
| prodigious (adj.) | /prəˈdɪdʒəs/ | 巨大的；惊人的 | a prodigious amount of talent | prodigious talent |
| prodigy (n.) | /ˈprɒdɪdʒi/ | 神童；天才 | a musical prodigy at the age of six | a child prodigy |
| profane (adj.) | /prəˈfeɪn/ | 亵渎的；世俗的 | shocked by his profane language | profane language |
| profanity (n.) | /prəˈfænəti/ | 亵渎语言；粗话 | the film was full of profanity | shout profanity |
| profess (v.) | /prəˈfes/ | 声称；宣称 | professed to know nothing about it | profess ignorance |
| proffer (v.) | /ˈprɒfə(r)/ | 提供；提出 | proffered an apology for the delay | proffer advice |
| proficiency (n.) | /prəˈfɪʃnsi/ | 熟练；精通 | tested for language proficiency | language proficiency |
| profligate (adj.) | /ˈprɒflɪgət/ | 挥霍无度的 | criticized for profligate spending | profligate spending |
| profusion (n.) | /prəˈfjuːʒn/ | 大量；丰富 | flowers grew in profusion | a profusion of colours |
| progeny (n.) | /ˈprɒdʒəni/ | 后代；子孙 | proud of his many progeny | numerous progeny |
| prognosis (n.) | /prɒgˈnəʊsɪs/ | 预后；预测 | the doctor gave a hopeful prognosis | a positive prognosis |
| prohibitive (adj.) | /prəˈhɪbətɪv/ | 抑制性的；过高的 | the cost was simply prohibitive | prohibitively expensive |
| proliferation (n.) | /prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃn/ | 激增；扩散 | worried about nuclear proliferation | nuclear proliferation |
| prolific (adj.) | /prəˈlɪfɪk/ | 多产的 | a prolific writer of novels | a prolific author |
| prologue (n.) | /ˈprəʊlɒg/ | 序幕；开场白 | the prologue set the scene for the story | a brief prologue |
| promiscuity (n.) | /ˌprɒmɪˈskjuːəti/ | 混乱；滥交 | a period of social promiscuity | sexual promiscuity |
| propagandist (n.) | /ˌprɒpəˈgændɪst/ | 宣传者 | dismissed as a state propagandist | a skilled propagandist |
| propensity (n.) | /prəˈpensəti/ | 倾向 | a propensity for taking risks | a propensity for |
| prophecy (n.) | /ˈprɒfəsi/ | 预言 | the ancient prophecy came true | fulfil a prophecy |
| propitious (adj.) | /prəˈpɪʃəs/ | 吉利的；有利的 | conditions were propitious for growth | propitious timing |
| proponent (n.) | /prəˈpəʊnənt/ | 支持者；提倡者 | a leading proponent of reform | a strong proponent |
| proprietor (n.) | /prəˈpraɪətə(r)/ | 所有者；老板 | the proprietor of the small shop | the shop's proprietor |
| propriety (n.) | /prəˈpraɪəti/ | 得体；礼节 | questioned the propriety of the decision | a sense of propriety |
| prosaic (adj.) | /prəˈzeɪɪk/ | 平淡的；乏味的 | a rather prosaic explanation | a prosaic answer |
| proscribe (v.) | /prəˈskraɪb/ | 禁止 | activities proscribed by law | proscribe an activity |
| protagonist (n.) | /prəˈtægənɪst/ | 主角 | the protagonist faces a moral dilemma | the story's protagonist |
| prototype (n.) | /ˈprəʊtətaɪp/ | 原型 | tested an early prototype of the device | an early prototype |
| protract (v.) | /prəˈtrækt/ | 延长；拖长 | negotiations were protracted for months | a protracted dispute |
| provenance (n.) | /ˈprɒvənəns/ | 起源；出处 | questioned the provenance of the painting | uncertain provenance |
| proverb (n.) | /ˈprɒvɜːb/ | 谚语 | an old proverb about patience | an old proverb |
| providence (n.) | /ˈprɒvɪdəns/ | 天意；上天 | attributed his survival to providence | divine providence |
| proviso (n.) | /prəˈvaɪzəʊ/ | 附加条件 | agreed, with the proviso that he pay first | with one proviso |
📌 *prodigal*（挥霍的）、*profligate*（挥霍无度的）意思接近，都形容花钱没节制，但 profligate 语气更重、更常用于批评公共开支；*prodigious*（巨大的；惊人的）和 *prodigy*（神童；天才）虽然词形相近但词性完全不同，注意区分。
Sources
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