"政治与政府（一）：架构与人物"（Government: Structures & People）
🔒 登录后可标记已读- C1 阶段的词汇来源改用 Oxford 5000（Oxford University Press 官方 CEFR 分级词表）——Cambridge 官方考试在 C1/C2 阶段不再提供封闭式词表，因为这两个等级的词汇量本来就是开放性的，这点跟 A1-B2 不一样。
- 政治新闻、国际新闻几乎每天都会出现内阁、议员、大使这类词，看不懂就只能猜大意，这批词补上这个缺口。
- 收录 Oxford 5000 C1 级别里跟政府架构、政治人物身份有关的词，政治行动/程序类的词（如修宪、投票、联合政府的动作）收在下一篇《02 政治与政府2》。
- 每个词配一个常用搭配，学完能看懂政治新闻标题，也能听懂时事播客里的基础政治词汇。
重点内容
| 英文 | 音标 | 中文 | 例句 | 常用搭配 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| abolish (v.) | /əˈbɒlɪʃ/ | 废除 | The government abolished the old tax law. | abolish a law |
| accountability (n.) | /əˌkaʊntəˈbɪləti/ | 问责制；责任 | There's a lack of accountability in the system. | demand accountability |
| accountable (adj.) | /əˈkaʊntəbl/ | 负责任的；有问责义务的 | Officials should be accountable to voters. | be accountable for |
| activist (n.) | /ˈæktɪvɪst/ | 活动家；行动主义者 | She's a well-known human rights activist. | a political activist |
| administer (v.) | /ədˈmɪnɪstə(r)/ | 管理；执行 | The agency administers government funds. | administer a programme |
| administrative (adj.) | /ədˈmɪnɪstrətɪv/ | 行政的；管理的 | She has an administrative role in the office. | administrative duties |
| administrator (n.) | /ədˈmɪnɪstreɪtə(r)/ | 行政官员；管理者 | He's a hospital administrator. | a system administrator |
| advocate (n., v.) | /ˈædvəkət/ | 提倡者；提倡 | She's an advocate for equal rights. | advocate for change |
| aide (n.) | /eɪd/ | 助手；助理 | The minister's aide took notes. | a presidential aide |
| ally (n.) | /ˈælaɪ/ | 盟友 | The two countries are close allies. | a close ally |
| ambassador (n.) | /æmˈbæsədə(r)/ | 大使 | She was appointed ambassador to France. | the British ambassador |
| amend (v.) | /əˈmend/ | 修改（法律/文件） | Parliament voted to amend the law. | amend the constitution |
| amendment (n.) | /əˈmendmənt/ | 修正案 | The amendment was passed by a small margin. | propose an amendment |
| autonomy (n.) | /ɔːˈtɒnəmi/ | 自治权 | The region was granted more autonomy. | grant autonomy |
| ballot (n.) | /ˈbælət/ | 投票；选票 | Voters cast their ballots on Tuesday. | cast a ballot |
| bureaucracy (n.) | /bjʊəˈrɒkrəsi/ | 官僚体制 | The process is slowed down by bureaucracy. | government bureaucracy |
| cabinet (n.) | /ˈkæbɪnət/ | 内阁 | The prime minister reshuffled his cabinet. | a cabinet meeting |
| chamber (n.) | /ˈtʃeɪmbə(r)/ | 议院；会议厅 | The bill was debated in the lower chamber. | the upper chamber |
| coalition (n.) | /ˌkəʊəˈlɪʃn/ | 联盟；联合政府 | The two parties formed a coalition. | a coalition government |
| congressional (adj.) | /kənˈgreʃənl/ | 国会的 | He faced a congressional hearing. | a congressional committee |
| constituency (n.) | /kənˈstɪtjuənsi/ | 选区 | She represents a large rural constituency. | a marginal constituency |
| constitution (n.) | /ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃn/ | 宪法 | The constitution guarantees free speech. | amend the constitution |
| constitutional (adj.) | /ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃənl/ | 宪法的；符合宪法的 | The law was ruled unconstitutional. | a constitutional right |
| councillor (n.) | /ˈkaʊnsələ(r)/ | 议员（地方） | She was elected as a local councillor. | a city councillor |
| coup (n.) | /kuː/ | 政变 | The government was overthrown in a coup. | a military coup |
| delegate (n.) | /ˈdelɪgət/ | 代表 | Delegates from every country attended. | a trade delegate |
| delegation (n.) | /ˌdelɪˈgeɪʃn/ | 代表团 | A delegation was sent to negotiate. | a trade delegation |
| deputy (n.) | /ˈdepjuti/ | 副手；代理 | She's the deputy mayor. | a deputy manager |
| dictate (v.) | /dɪkˈteɪt/ | 支配；口述 | Wealthy nations shouldn't dictate policy to others. | dictate terms |
📌 *ally*（盟友，名词）跟 *rely on*（依靠，动词短语）拼写容易联想混，但完全不相关；*coalition*（多党联合执政）和 *alliance*（更广义的结盟，不限于政党）也要分清楚使用场景。
Sources
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