“报告动词句型” (Patterns with Reporting Verbs)
🔒 登录后可标记已读- 为什么不能只靠 say/tell/ask 转述别人说的话?warn、suggest、recommend 这些更精确的报告动词,各自搭配的句型固定,用错就会显得别扭。
- 七种句型一次列齐:动词+不定式、动词+宾语+不定式、动词+-ing、动词+介词+-ing、动词+宾语+介词+-ing、动词+that+虚拟语气、动词+that+直陈语气。
- 表达「希望某事发生」的报告动词(demand、suggest、propose 等)接 that 子句时要用虚拟语气,动词永远原形,不随主语变化。
- 学完能更准确、更有变化地转述别人说过的话,不再句句都是 he said that…
重点内容
为什么不只用 say/tell/ask
用其他报告动词能更准确传达说话者的语气和意图,例如用 warn 表示警告、用 suggest 表示建议,比笼统的 say 更精确。📌 每个报告动词后面接的句型固定,而且有些动词可以接不止一种句型。
动词 + 不定式
- They refuse to accept responsibility for the accident.
- 常见动词:agree、claim、demand、offer、promise、refuse、threaten
动词 + 宾语 + 不定式
接不定式的动词里,有些需要在动词和不定式之间加一个宾语:
- The judge ordered the police to release the individual immediately.
- 常见动词:advise、ask、encourage、invite、order、remind、tell、urge、warn
动词 + -ing
- She recommends waiting for the refund.
- 常见动词:admit、deny、mention、recommend、suggest
动词 + 介词 + -ing
带固定介词的报告动词后面接动词,一律用 -ing:
- Employees complain about receiving important information too late.
- 常见动词:apologise for、complain about、confess to、insist on、object to
- 📌 warn 搭配 against 时、admit 搭配 to 时,也用这个结构:Novak warns against moving too fast.
动词 + 宾语 + 介词 + -ing
- O'Reilly accused the government of lying about the issue.
- 常见动词:accuse (someone of)、blame (someone for)、congratulate (someone on)
动词 + that + 虚拟语气(Subjunctive)
📌 当报告动词表达「希望某事发生」时,接 that + 动词原形(没有时态变化,这就是虚拟语气):
- We suggest that she read the documents carefully before signing.
- Steiner demanded that the government investigate the issue.
- 常见动词:advise、ask、command、demand、insist、order、propose、recommend、request、suggest、urge
动词 + that + 直陈语气(Indicative)
如果报告动词跟「希望」无关,就接一般时态变化的 that 子句:
- Customers complained that they had not been kept informed.
- 常见动词:admit、advise、agree、claim、complain、decide、deny、explain、insist、promise、recommend、say
动词 + 宾语 + that 子句
用 assure、persuade、remind、tell、warn 时,宾语放在报告动词和 that 子句之间:
- She assured us that they would fully investigate the situation.
- Gairola warned ministers that the situation was critical.
速查表
| 句型 | 例子动词 |
|---|---|
| 动词 + 不定式 | agree, promise, refuse |
| 动词 + 宾语 + 不定式 | advise, order, warn |
| 动词 + -ing | admit, suggest, recommend |
| 动词 + 介词 + -ing | apologise for, insist on |
| 动词 + 宾语 + 介词 + -ing | accuse (of), blame (for) |
| 动词 + that + 虚拟语气 | demand, suggest, propose |
| 动词 + that + 直陈语气 | admit, agree, say |
| 动词 + 宾语 + that 子句 | assure, warn, tell |
例句练习
| 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| Harper reminds us that human rights are the priority. | Harper 提醒我们人权是首要之务。 |
| Smith suggests introducing small changes at first. | Smith 建议一开始先做小幅度的改变。 |
| Brown warns governments not to ignore ordinary people. | Brown 警告各国政府不要忽视普通民众。 |
常见错误
❌ We suggest that she reads the documents carefully.(用了一般现在式而非虚拟语气原形) ✅ We suggest that she read the documents carefully.
📌 表达「希望」的报告动词接 that 子句时用虚拟语气,动词永远用原形,不随主语变化、不加时态。
❌ Novak warns against move too fast.(介词后接原形动词) ✅ Novak warns against moving too fast.
📌 介词后面一定接 -ing 形式,不能接原形动词。
Sources
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