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“报告动词句型” (Patterns with Reporting Verbs)

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  • 为什么不能只靠 say/tell/ask 转述别人说的话?warn、suggest、recommend 这些更精确的报告动词,各自搭配的句型固定,用错就会显得别扭。
  • 七种句型一次列齐:动词+不定式、动词+宾语+不定式、动词+-ing、动词+介词+-ing、动词+宾语+介词+-ing、动词+that+虚拟语气、动词+that+直陈语气。
  • 表达「希望某事发生」的报告动词(demand、suggest、propose 等)接 that 子句时要用虚拟语气,动词永远原形,不随主语变化。
  • 学完能更准确、更有变化地转述别人说过的话,不再句句都是 he said that…

重点内容


为什么不只用 say/tell/ask

用其他报告动词能更准确传达说话者的语气和意图,例如用 warn 表示警告、用 suggest 表示建议,比笼统的 say 更精确。📌 每个报告动词后面接的句型固定,而且有些动词可以接不止一种句型。


动词 + 不定式

  • They refuse to accept responsibility for the accident.
  • 常见动词:agree、claim、demand、offer、promise、refuse、threaten

动词 + 宾语 + 不定式

接不定式的动词里,有些需要在动词和不定式之间加一个宾语:

  • The judge ordered the police to release the individual immediately.
  • 常见动词:advise、ask、encourage、invite、order、remind、tell、urge、warn

动词 + -ing

  • She recommends waiting for the refund.
  • 常见动词:admit、deny、mention、recommend、suggest

动词 + 介词 + -ing

带固定介词的报告动词后面接动词,一律用 -ing:

  • Employees complain about receiving important information too late.
  • 常见动词:apologise for、complain about、confess to、insist on、object to
  • 📌 warn 搭配 against 时、admit 搭配 to 时,也用这个结构:Novak warns against moving too fast.

动词 + 宾语 + 介词 + -ing

  • O'Reilly accused the government of lying about the issue.
  • 常见动词:accuse (someone of)、blame (someone for)、congratulate (someone on)

动词 + that + 虚拟语气(Subjunctive)

📌 当报告动词表达「希望某事发生」时,接 that + 动词原形(没有时态变化,这就是虚拟语气):

  • We suggest that she read the documents carefully before signing.
  • Steiner demanded that the government investigate the issue.
  • 常见动词:advise、ask、command、demand、insist、order、propose、recommend、request、suggest、urge

动词 + that + 直陈语气(Indicative)

如果报告动词跟「希望」无关,就接一般时态变化的 that 子句:

  • Customers complained that they had not been kept informed.
  • 常见动词:admit、advise、agree、claim、complain、decide、deny、explain、insist、promise、recommend、say

动词 + 宾语 + that 子句

用 assure、persuade、remind、tell、warn 时,宾语放在报告动词和 that 子句之间:

  • She assured us that they would fully investigate the situation.
  • Gairola warned ministers that the situation was critical.

速查表

句型例子动词
动词 + 不定式agree, promise, refuse
动词 + 宾语 + 不定式advise, order, warn
动词 + -ingadmit, suggest, recommend
动词 + 介词 + -ingapologise for, insist on
动词 + 宾语 + 介词 + -ingaccuse (of), blame (for)
动词 + that + 虚拟语气demand, suggest, propose
动词 + that + 直陈语气admit, agree, say
动词 + 宾语 + that 子句assure, warn, tell

例句练习

英文中文
Harper reminds us that human rights are the priority.Harper 提醒我们人权是首要之务。
Smith suggests introducing small changes at first.Smith 建议一开始先做小幅度的改变。
Brown warns governments not to ignore ordinary people.Brown 警告各国政府不要忽视普通民众。

常见错误

❌ We suggest that she reads the documents carefully.(用了一般现在式而非虚拟语气原形) ✅ We suggest that she read the documents carefully.

📌 表达「希望」的报告动词接 that 子句时用虚拟语气,动词永远用原形,不随主语变化、不加时态。

❌ Novak warns against move too fast.(介词后接原形动词) ✅ Novak warns against moving too fast.

📌 介词后面一定接 -ing 形式,不能接原形动词。

Sources

Blog / Website:

  1. Patterns with reporting verbs
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📝 常见错误辨析共 2 题