ENGLISH

“将来时态:will、going to、现在进行时” (Future Forms)

首页 英语 语法 · B1 · B2
约 8 分钟· #B1
🔒 登录后可标记已读
  • 同样在说将来的事,will、going to、现在进行时选错一个,语气就变了——差别全在这个计划是不是临时起意。
  • will 说当下临时决定的事,之前完全没想过(没牛奶了,I'll buy some)。
  • going to 说说话之前就已经想好的计划(早就打算好今晚穿哪件衣服)。
  • 现在进行时说已经和别人确认好的具体安排,双方都知道时间地点。
  • B1 最重要的语法点之一,日常口语和写作都必须用对,混用是常见扣分点。

重点内容


will → 当下决定的临时计划

用途:说话的当下临时决定的事情,之前没有想好的。

结构will + 动词原形

  • Oops, I forgot to phone Mum! I'll do it after dinner.(刚想到,临时决定)
  • I can't decide what to wear tonight. I know! I'll wear my green shirt.(当下决定)
  • There's no milk. I'll buy some when I go to the shops.(现在发现,马上决定)

📌 *will* 说的是当下作出的决定,不是之前已经打算好的。



going to → 提前想好的计划

用途:说之前已经想好/决定好的计划,说话之前就有这个打算了。

结构am/is/are going to + 动词原形

  • I'm going to phone Mum after dinner. I told her I'd call at 8 o'clock.(早就说好了)
  • I'm going to wear my black dress tonight.(出门前就想好穿哪件了)
  • I'm going to go to the supermarket after work. What do we need?(今天出门前就决定了)

📌 *going to* 说的是说话之前就已经有的计划,不是临时起意。



现在进行时 → 已确认的约定(arrangement)

用途:说已经和别人约好的具体安排,知道时间和地点,双方都确认了。

结构am/is/are + -ing 形式

  • I'm meeting Jane at 8 o'clock on Saturday.(已经约好了,双方都知道)
  • We're having a party next Saturday. Would you like to come?(已经安排好的派对)

📌 也常用来问别人的计划:

  • Are you doing anything interesting this weekend?(你周末有什么安排吗?)


三种将来时态对比

时态结构计划类型
willwill + infinitive当下临时决定
going toam/is/are going to + infinitive提前想好的个人计划
Present Continuousam/is/are + -ing已和别人确认的约定(有时间地点)


现实例子对比

场景 1:朋友问你今晚怎么过

  • (刚被通知会议取消)Oh great! The meeting's been cancelled. I'll go to that yoga class instead.
    → *will*:当下才决定
  • I've been planning to try that new café. I'm going to go there tonight.
    → *going to*:之前就计划好了
  • I'm having dinner with Sarah at 7. We booked the restaurant yesterday.
    → 现在进行时:已经约好,双方都知道

例句练习

英文中文类型
I'll get the door!我去开门!will(临时决定)
I'm going to visit my relatives in Australia this year.我今年打算去探望在澳洲的亲戚。going to(提前计划)
We're having dinner at 7 tonight.我们今晚 7 点吃晚饭。现在进行时(已约好)
There's no coffee. I'll buy some later.没有咖啡了,我等下去买。will(当下决定)
Are you doing anything this weekend?你这周末有什么安排?现在进行时(问约定)

常见错误

❌ I will go to the gym tomorrow morning.(计划已经想好了)I'm going to go to the gym tomorrow morning.

📌 如果是提前想好的计划,用 *going to*,不用 *will*。(写作里尤其注意)

❌ I am meeting my friend tomorrow but I haven't told him yet.I'm going to meet my friend tomorrow.

📌 现在进行时用于已确认的安排(双方都知道);还没约定的用 *going to*。

❌ 总是用 will 说所有将来的事

💡 口语里可能不太严格,但写作和正式场合要区分:

  • 临时决定 → will
  • 提前计划 → going to
  • 已约定 → present continuous

Sources

British Council – Learn English:

  1. Future forms: 'will', 'be going to' and present continuous
📝 语法点共 6 题
📝 常见错误辨析共 3 题